Abstract: The deep integration of communication technology and big data algorithms has propelled the leap-forward development of smart oil and gas pipeline patrol management. In the economically developed Yangtze River Delta region, high consequence areas along the pipelines are densely distributed, with frequent third-party construction activities. Traditional patrol methods are inadequate for systematic risk prevention and control, highlighting the imperative need to accelerate the construction of a smart pipeline patrol system. Through data fusion and sharing, as well as system interaction, a pipeline patrol system has been established, featuring "one technical framework, one set of standard specifications, and one system platform". This has resulted in a new "space-air-ground" integrated patrol paradigm, where "technological prevention is the primary approach and human oversight serves as a supplementary measure". This patrol paradigm employs UAVs, smart cameras, and optical fiber pre-warning systems to create a three-dimensional monitoring network, enabling comprehensive perception and dynamic control of pipeline risks. In practice, the accuracy of abnormal target identification and optical fiber pre-warning exceeds 90%, significantly enhancing patrol efficiency and risk prevention and control capabilities.