Abstract: As critical infrastructure for energy transport, long-distance oil and gas pipelines rely heavily on optimized communication networks to improve operational safety and efficiency. This study aims to address issues such as high transmission latency and insufficient reliability of traditional communication networks in meeting complex service requirements by introducing Time-Sensitive Networking(TSN)technology. Through an analysis of core TSN principles-precise clock synchronization, time-aware scheduling, redundant transmission, and reliability mechanism-this study demonstrates that TSN significantly enhances the real-time performance, reliability, and resource utilization of communication networks for long-distance oil and gas pipelines. It also identifies challenges such as compatibility issues, high deployment costs, and network security risks, proposing solutions like seamless integration with existing systems, cost reduction through innovation, and the establishment of robust security frameworks. These findings offer a new technical approach and practical guidance for optimizing communication networks in long-distance oil and gas pipelines.