Abstract: In view of the problems of pipeline safety hazards and even accidents due to geological hazards, this paper explains the importance of stress monitoring system for the prevention and control of pipeline geological disasters, and then introduces the composition and working principle of the stress monitoring system, compares and analyzes the strain sensor which is main component of the stress monitoring system, points out that the vibrating wire strain sensing technology is more advantageous, and gives the layout of the sensor and the calculation method of strain data. In consideration of the lack of application of pipeline stress monitoring system in geological disaster prevention areas such as gob area, tunnel crossing area, landslide area and fault area, this paper discusses the application cases of pipeline stress monitoring system in typical landslide area and coal gob area. It quantitatively assesses the impact degree of landslide disaster on pipelines based on the early warning monitoring data, specifies the dangerous landslide disasters that need attention in the case of pipeline in landslide area, and verifies the reliability of the stress monitoring system in pipeline stress warning and subsequent stress release in the case of coal-mining gob and subsidence area. Finally, the paper summarizes the challenges and future development direction of pipeline stress monitoring system, which can provide reference for technical research in this field.